Eco-Friendly, Rapid and Efficient Analytical Procedure for Carcinogenic Aryl Amines in Dyes and Consumer Products

Abstract

This study addressed the analysis of aromatic amines from azo dyes and dyed consumer articles mainly based on leather as they are subjected to screening for release of any of the 24 hazardous aryl amines listed by the European agency. This study involves a reverse phase SPE approach for enriching, and cleaning-up of the matrices to facilitate further analysis by UPLC. The proposed study does away with tertiary butyl ether, other solvents and subsequent evaporation steps therebycutting down the solvent usage to a major extent (from close to 80ml into 2ml) in sample preparation and the further analysis developed by UPLC, cut short the gradient analysis from 40 min to 6 min enabling additionally the reduction of solvent for mobile phase. Thus the procedure is improvised to serve as Green analytical procedure. The present study offers the scope to complete the sample preparation in 45 min in comparison to 180min by the official procedure (excluding the degreasing step in both these cases). The proposed procedure is simple to adopt with more efficient recovery values in the range 52-104% for all the analytes. The LOD and LOQ of the analysis were 2?g g -1 and 9?g g -1.