A comparison of physiological and psychological factors during game vs. practice warm-up in female collegiate soccer players.

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Daniel Scheid
Libby Greenwell
Thomas Palmer
Susan Katowski

Abstract

By Daniel Scheid, Health Sciences; Libby Greenwell, Health Sciences; Thomas Palmer, University of Cincinnati


Advisor: Susan Katowski


Abstract: A physical/athletic warm-up is necessary to prepare the body for physical demands, thus optimize performance and reduce injury in sports. Significant research has been conducted on warm-up content, duration, and intensity using variables such as heart rate (HR), rate of perceived exertion (RPE), blood lactate levels, perceived readiness (PR), performance tests, etc. The aim of this study was to directly compare practice vs game warm-ups using physiological and psychological variables. A population of female collegiate soccer players, ages 18-22 were sampled over 6 weeks during the competitive season. Variables measured included physical fatigue derived from training impulse (TRIMP), caloric expenditure, and self-reported rate of perceived exertion (RPE), and psychological readiness derived from self-reported perceived readiness (PR). Measurements were taken post warmup at games and practices. Surveys were administered both by verbal and written questionnaires and used to record RPE and PR. The real time heart rate monitoring system "Firstbeat", was used to measure and record TRIMP. It was hypothesized that there will be a disparity in all the above-mentioned variables between practice and game warm-ups. Results showed low correlations in the majority of comparisons and demonstrated the need to further investigate warm-up protocol in order to determine best practice.

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